People and Methodologies in Software Development人民和方法，在软件开发
This is a well written doctorate thesis, by Alistair Cockburn, about software development methodology and how people on the development project work with a methodology.这是一个良好的书面博士论文，由阿利斯泰尔科伯恩，大约软件开发方法，以及如何人民对发展项目的工作与方法。 Reading this will help you understand how to manage application development projects better and understand better how to work with people on a project.读这将有助于您了解如何管理应用程序开发项目更好地和更好地了解如何在工作与人民的一个项目。 Here is a这里是一个 mirror of this thesis一面镜子，这一论断的 . 。
People and Methodologies in Software Development 人民和方法，在软件开发
Submitted as partial fulfillment of the degree Doctor Philosophiae提交的部分实现的程度，医生philosophiae
At the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway在学院的数学和自然科学，挪威奥斯陆大学
February 25, 2003 2003年2月25日
Abstract 摘要
This thesis reports on research performed over a ten-year period, interviewing project teams, participating directly on projects, and reviewing proposals and case studies.这一论断的报告，研究演出超过10年期间，采访的项目小组，直接参与的项目，以及检讨的建议和个案研究。 The research addressed three questions relating to people and software development methodologies ( Q1 through Q3 ), and produced six results ( R1 through R6 ).研究解决三个问题有关的人民和软件开发方法（ 第一季 ，透过第三季 ） ，并制作了6结果（ R1的通过r6 ） 。
Questions: 问题：
1) Do we need yet another software development methodology, or can we expect a convergence and reduction at some point in time? 1 ）我们需要的又一软件开发方法，或我们能期望的衔接和减少在一些时间点的呢？
2) If convergence, what must be the characteristics of the converged methodology? 2 ）如果收敛，什么必须的特点，融合的方法呢？ If no convergence, how can project teams deal with the growing number of methodologies?如果没有收敛，又如何能的项目小组，处理日益增多的方法呢？
3) How does the methodology relate to the people on the project? 3 ）请问方法涉及到人民的计划？
Results: 结果：
1) A methodology is a formula describing conventions of interaction between roles. 1 ）一种方法是一个公式描述公约之间的互动作用。
2) People's characteristics, which vary from person to person and even from moment to moment, form a first-order driver of the team's behavior and results. 2 ）人的特点，而有所不同，从以人甚至从时刻的时刻，形成一个一阶的司机队的行为和结果。 Such issues as how well they get along with each other and the fit (or misfit) of their personal characteristics with their job roles create significant, project-specific constraints on the methodology.等问题，以及他们如何相处，对方和合适的（或失配） ，他们的个人特点与他们的工作角色，创造显着，具体项目的制约因素的方法。 This result indicates that people's personal characteristics place a limit on the effect of methodologies in general.这一结果表明，人们的个人特色的地方，限制的影响的方法在一般。
3) Every project needs a slightly different methodology, based on those people characteristics, the project's specific priorities, and the technologies being used. 3 ）每一项工程都需要一个略有不同的方法的基础上，这些人的特点，该项目的具体的优先事项，以及技术正在使用中。 This result indicates that a team's methodology should be personalized to the team during the project and may even change during the project.这一结果表明，一队的方法应该是个性化队在该项目，甚至可能改变在该项目。
4) A set of principles were found that can be used to shape an effective methodology to the above constraints. 4 ）一套原则被发现可以用来形成一个有效的方法，以上述的限制。 These principles deal with the amount of coordination and verification required in the project, the trade-off between rework and serialization of work, and the trade-off between tacit and externalized knowledge in use by the team.这些原则处理的金额协调和核查所需的项目，贸易小康之间的返工，系列化的工作，以及与贸易之间的默契和外在的知识，使用由团队。
5) A technique was found to create a situationally specific methodology during the project and in time to serve the project, and to evolve it as the project progresses. 5 ）技术被发现创造一个situationally的具体方法，在项目，并在时间，服务项目，并演变它作为该项目的进展。
6) All the above suggests a repeating cycle of behavior to use on projects. 6 ）所有上述建议，重复循环使用行为的项目。
1) The members establish conventions for their interactions — a base methodology — at the start of the project. 1 ）成员建立公约及其相互作用-基地的方法-在项目开始。 This can be likened to them "programming" themselves.这可以比喻为“编程”自己。
2) They then perform their jobs in the normal scurry of project life, often getting too caught up to reflect on how they are doing. 2 ）然后，他们履行其工作在正常的scurry项目的生活，往往乐极生悲赶上，以反映它们是如何做的。
3) They schedule regular periods of reflection in which they reconsider and adjust their working conventions. 3 ） ，他们定期时期的反思，使他们重新考虑和调整其工作公约。
These results have been used successfully on several industrial projects having the usual time and cost pressures on the staff.这些成果已成功地用于对几个工业项目有惯常的时间和成本的压力，对工作人员。
Table of Contents: 目录：
1. 1 。 The Research Topic 研究课题
1.1 Clarification of Words 1.1澄清的话
1.2 Background to Question 1 1.2背景问题1
1.3 Background to Question 2 1.3背景问题2
1.4 Background to Question 3 1.4背景问题3
1.5 Placing This Work in Context 1.5把这项工作在上下文中
1.6 Personal Motivation and Direction 1.6个人的动机和方向
2. 2 。 The Research Approach 研究方法
2.1 The Research Practice 2.1研究实践
2.2 The Research Theory 2.2研究理论
3. 3 。 Issues and Results Chronologically 问题和结果的顺序
3.1 The Impact of Object-Orientation on Application Development 3.1的影响，面向对象的应用发展
3.2 Selecting a Project's Methodology 3.2选择一个项目的方法论
3.3 The Interaction of Social Issues and Software Architecture 3.3相互作用的社会问题和软件体系结构
3.4 Characterizing People as First-Order, Non-Linear Components in Software Development 3.4表征人民的一阶，非线形元件，在软件开发
3.5 Project Winifred Case Study 3.5项目winifred案例研究
3.6 Just-in-Time Methodology Construction 3月6日刚刚在时间的方法建设
3.7 Balancing Lightness with Sufficiency 3.7平衡的亮度与充足
4. 4 。 Consolidation ed Results and Reflection 巩固教育署结果与思考
4.1 Answering the Questions 4.1回答问题
4.2 Consolidation and Reliability of Results 4.2巩固和可靠性结果
4.3 Relating to Mathiassen's Reflective Systems Development 4.3有关马蒂亚森的反射系统开发
4.4 Reflection: The Limits of People-Plus-Methodologies 4.4反思：限制人民的加方法
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